Stockholm International PeaceResearch Institute(GS Paper-2 International Relations)

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) – Annual Assessment of the state of Armaments, Disarmament and International Security (GS Paper 2 – International Relations)

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) – Annual Assessment of the state of Armaments, Disarmament and International Security (GS Paper 2 – International Relations)

The nine nuclear-armed states—the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, France, China, India, Pakistan, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea) and Israel—continue to modernize their nuclear arsenals and several deployed new nuclear-armed or nuclear-capable weapon systems in 2022.

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MISSING: summary MISSING: current-rows.
Deployed warheadsa Stored warheadsb Total stockpilec Total inventoryd
Country 2023 2023 2022 2023 2022 2023
 United States 1 770 1 938 3 708 3 708 5 428 5 244
 Russia 1 674 2 815 4 477 4 489 5 977 5 889
 United Kingdom 120 105 225e 225 225 225f
 France 280 10 290 290 290 290
 China – 410 350 410 350 410
 India – 164 160 164 160 164
 Pakistan – 170 165 170 165 170
 North Korea – 30 25 30g 25 30g
 Israel – 90 90 90 90 90
Total 3 844 5 732 9 490 9 576 12 710 12 512
– = nil or a negligible value.
Notes: All estimates are approximate. SIPRI revises its world nuclear forces data each year based on new information and updates to earlier assessments. The data for Jan. 2023 replaces all previously published SIPRI data on world nuclear forces. Countries are ordered by date of first known nuclear test. There is no conclusive open-source evidence that Israel has tested its nuclear weapons. The figures for Russia and the USA do not necessarily correspond to those in their 2010 Treaty on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (New START) declarations because of the treaty’s counting rules.
a ‘Deployed warheads’ refers to warheads placed on missiles or located on bases with operational forces.
b ‘Stored warheads’ refers to stored or reserve warheads that would require some preparation (e.g. transport and loading on to launchers) before they could be deployed.
c ‘Total stockpile’ refers to warheads that are intended for use by the armed forces.
d ‘Total inventory’ includes both stockpiled warheads and retired warheads awaiting dismantlement.
e SIPRI previously estimated that the UK had about 45 retired warheads awaiting dismantlement; however, SIPRI’s assessment as of Jan. 2023 is that these warheads are likely to be reconstituted to become part of the UK’s growing stockpile over the coming years and the stockpile number remained at 225 in Jan. 2022.
f The British government declared in 2010 that its nuclear weapon inventory would not exceed 225 warheads. It is estimated here that the inventory remained at that number in Jan. 2023. A planned reduction to an inventory of 180 warheads by the mid 2020s was ended by a government review published in 2021. The review introduced a new ceiling of 260 warheads.
g Information about the status and capability of North Korea’s nuclear arsenal comes with significant uncertainty. North Korea might have produced enough fissile material to build 50–70 nuclear warheads; however, it is likely that it has assembled fewer warheads, perhaps around 30.

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Russia and the USA together possess almost 90 per cent of all nuclear weapons. SIPRI’s estimate of the size of China’s nuclear arsen

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al increased from 350 warheads in January 2022 to 410 in January 2023, and it is expected to keep growing.

India and Pakistan appear to be expanding their nuclear arsenals, and both countries introduced and continued to develop new types of nuclear delivery system in 2022.

While Pakistan remains the main focus of India’s nuclear deterrent, India appears to be placing growing emphasis on longer-range weapons, including those capable of reaching targets across China.

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Source –www.sipri.org

 

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