The first Nobel Prize 2025 in Medicine was awarded to Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi for their groundbreaking discovery of how the immune system prevents the body from attacking itself. 🧬
Their work on Regulatory T Cells and the FOXP3 gene opens new paths for treating autoimmune diseases and advances in cancer therapy, organ transplants, and vaccines.
Did you know? The first Nobel Prize of 2025 was awarded to scientists who uncovered one of the deepest mysteries of our body’s defence system — how our body avoids attacking itself!
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The 2025 Nobel Prize in Medicine was jointly awarded to three scientists — Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi. They received this prestigious award for their groundbreaking discovery explaining why our immune system does not attack our own body.
The scientists studied the role of special cells called Regulatory T Cells and the FOXP3 gene. These cells regulate the immune system to ensure it does not damage our own tissues and organs. When this control fails, the body can start attacking itself, leading to autoimmune diseases such as Type-1 Diabetes, Multiple Sclerosis, and Lupus.
Shimon Sakaguchi first discovered in 1995 that certain T cells prevent the immune system from overreacting. Later, Brunkow and Ramsdell demonstrated that this function is controlled by a specific gene — FOXP3. If this gene malfunctions, the immune system becomes confused and attacks the body itself.
Their discovery has not only opened new avenues for treating autoimmune diseases but has also inspired advances in cancer immunotherapy, organ transplantation, and vaccine research.
In summary, these three scientists have shown us that: “Sometimes the real strength of the body lies not in attack, but in control.”
And this insight earned them the first Nobel Prize in Medicine of 2025.
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