TROPICAL DESERT
With reference of TROPICAL DESERT consider the following statements.
- They occur mainly in the sub-tropical zone as two distinct belts between 15° and 35° latitude in the Northern and Southern hemisphere around the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
- The major deserts are the Sahara in North Africa, Arabian deserts, Namib and Kalahar and Southern Africa, Gobi to the north of the Himalayas, the coastal Atacama Desert of Peru and Chile, and the Australian deserts.
- Low rainfall and Low evaporation
- Plants which have short roots
Choose correct options:
- Only 1
- Only 2,4
- Only 3
- Only 1,2
Daily Quiz – Hindi
Answer: (d) Only 1,2
- Statement 1 is correct; Deserts are found throughout the world, as they occupy nearly 26% of continental area. They occur mainly in the sub-tropical zone as two distinct belts between 15° and 35° latitude in the Northern and Southern hemisphere around the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
- Statement 2 is correct; The tropical deserts can be found in Africa, Sout America, Asia and Australia. The major deserts are the Sahara in North Africa, Arabian deserts, Namib and Kalahar and Southern Africa, Gobi to the north of the Himalayas, the coastal Atacama Desert of Peru and Chile, and the Australian deserts.
- Statement 3 is incorrect;
- Low rainfall and high evaporation;
- Wide daily range in temperature; hot by day and cool by night;
- Up to 90 per cent of solar insolation heat the ground because low water content in the atmosphere allows easier light penetration
- Rain, when it falls, is often heavy and unable to soak into the dry earth;
- Soil, unprotected by vegetation, erodes rapidly by violent storms and wind;
- Vegetation, usually, is a matrix of shrubs (woody-stemmed and soft brittle-stemmed shrubs), numerous ephemerals, and a wide assortment of other plants, such as cacti, yucca and small trees.
- Both animals and plants are adapted to water scarcity by means of drought-evasion or drought-resistance.
Daily Quiz – English
Statement 4 is incorrect; Plants which have deep roots. Many desert perennials have an extensive root system, which penetrate deep into the ground to reach the ground water levels, such plants are referred to as phreatophytes. Some of them are known to penetrate to depths of more than 17 metres in search of water supplies. They are usually found growing either narrow waxed leaves, or thorns instead of leaves.
TROPICAL DESERT
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