INDIA AND MADAGASCAR (SPLITTED OR LOST LAND)

Philip Sclater observed the presence of lemurs, their relatives and their fossils in Madagascar and India but not in nearby Africa or Middle East.
In 1860s he proposed that large Island or continent must have one existed between India and Madagascar serving as a bridge for manoeuvring of animals.
He termed this Island as Lemuria.
Devaneya Pavanar, a Tamil revivalist, took up this idea.
In Pandyan legends, the submerged continent is called Kumari Kandam.
Idea of Lemuria or Kumari Kandam lost its significance when continental drift theory begins to find its way in the intellectual world.
According to continental drift theory, Gondwana landmass split into two, one containing Africa and South America and the other containing India, Madagascar, Australia and Antarctica.
India joined Eurasian land mass giving rise to Himalayas and South Asia.
Distribution of dinosaur fossils support the Gondwana breakup theory.
Fragments of Laplatosaurus madagascarensis are found in India and Madagascar.
Etroplus, a food fish in Kerala called pallathi is a freshwater fish.
Molecular comparison shows that the nearest relatives of Etroplus are found in Madagascar.
Lorises are the closest extent of lemurs. They are believed to have survived oceanic rides from Africa.
They are mostly found in north eastern state and the area where Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu meet.

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