With reference of Western Ghat consider the following statements.
- The Western Ghats is one of the eighteenth hotspots of biological diversity in the world.
- Western Ghat spread across six states; Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
- According to UNESCO, the Himalayas are older than the western ghat.
- Pal ghat Gap is a V- shaped valley.
Choose correct options
- Only 1,4
- Only 2,3
- Only 2
- Only 2,3,4
Answer: (c) Only 2
Statement 1 is incorrect; It is a UNESCO World Heritage site, it is one of the eight “Hottest hot-spots” of biological diversity in the world.
Statement 2 is correct.
Statement 3 is incorrect; According to UNESCO, the Western Ghats are older than the Himalayas.
Statement 4 is incorrect; Pal ghat Gap is a rift valley.
Western Ghat
The Western Ghats are internationally recognized as a region of immense global importance for the conservation of biological diversity, besides containing areas of high geological, cultural, and aesthetic values.
A chain of mountains running parallel to India’s western coast, approximately 30-50 km inland, the Ghats traverse the States of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.
These mountains cover an area of around 140,000 km² in a 1,600 km long stretch that is interrupted only by the 30 km Palghat Gap at around 11°N.
This mountain chain is recognized as one of the world’s eight ‘hottest hotspots’ of biological diversity along with Sri Lanka.
The forests of the Western Ghats include some of the best representatives of non equatorial tropical evergreen forests in the world.
At least 325 globally threatened (IUCN Red Data List) species occur in the Western Ghats.
The globally threatened flora and fauna in the Western Ghats are represented by 229 plant species, 31 mammal species, 15 bird species, 43 amphibian species, 5 reptile species, and 1 fish species.
Of the total 325 globally threatened species in the Western Ghats, 129 are classified as Vulnerable, 145 as Endangered, and 51 as Critically Endangered.
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