Daily Current Affairs Date-29th May 2021

Daily Current Affairs Date-29th May 2021

Topics

  • International week of solidarity with the people of non self governing territories
  • Permanent Commission for Israel and Palestine
  • US- Russia Open Skies Treaty
  • Union Home Ministry has established a panel to recommend changes to the Indian Penal Code (IPC)
  • NHAI’s Guidelines for Toll centres to reduce waiting time
  • Centre to launch Unified Health Interface
  • Agreement between Theran and International Atomic energy agency

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Questions-

Q.International week of solidarity with the people of non self governing territories is observing on from may 25 to 31 2021 which chapter of UN charter provides provisions related to solidarity to the people of non self governing territories

a)chapter 10 of UN charter

  1. b) chapter 11 of UN charter
  2. c) chapter 9 of UN charter
  3. d) chapter 8 of UN charter


International week of solidarity with the people of non self governing  territories

  • In 1946, UN Member States identified a number of non-self-governing territories under their administration and placed them on the UN list
  • The United Nations is celebrating the “International Week of Solidarity with the Peoples of Non-Self-Governing Territories” from May 25 to 31, 2021.
  • A Non-Self-Governing Territory is one where “people have not attained a full measure of self-government,” according to the UN Charter.
  • In 1946, UN Member States identified a number of non-self-governing territories under their administration and placed them on the UN list.
  • The country that administers Non-Self-Governing Territories is called the administering powers.
  • However, due to the decolonization process, some territories were removed from the list.
  • United Nations-
  • The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in 1945. It is currently made up of 193 Member States.
  • Its mission and work guided by the purposes and principles contained in its founding Charter and implemented by its various organs and specialised agencies.
  • Its activities include maintaining international peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, promoting sustainable development and upholding international law.

Questions

Q. Recently member of OIC are calling UN human rights council to set up a permanent commission on Israel Palestine conflict what are feature of this permanent commission

1)it will be an independent international commission of enquiry to investigate violation of human rights laws

2) it will needed by UNHRC president

3)Israel accuses the council of anti Israel bias and has refused to co-operate

4) will only invastige the issue of Israel- Palestine

Options-

a)1&2 b)2,3,4 c)2,4,1 d)1,3,4

Permanent Commission for Israel and Palestine

  • Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) have called United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) to establish a permanent commission; who can report on human rights violations across Israel, Gaza and West Bank; following the latest violence in Israel-Palestine Conflict.
    Permanent Commission-
  • The proposed Permanent Commission is an independent, international commission of inquiry.
  • It will be appointed by president of UNHRC. Commission will investigate violations of humanitarian and human rights law in Israel and Palestine. Commission will authorize “commission of inquiry (COI)” which is the highest level of scrutiny.
  • Proposed commission can also investigate all underlying causes of tensions and instability in the region often
  • Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OCI)
  • OCI, comprising of 57 states, is second-largest intergovernmental organization after United nations
  • It acts as “collective voice of Muslim countries”.
  • It is involved in protection of interests of Muslims in order to promote international peace and harmony across world.
  • It was established in 1969 following a summit in Rabat, Kingdom of Morocco. It is headquartered in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • Is India member of OIC?
  • India is not a member of OIC. But recently, India was invited as a guest of honor to attend 46th Session of Council of Foreign Ministers in 2019.
  • United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHCR)
  • UNHCR is an inter-governmental body of United Nations(UN), comprising 47 member states of UN, involved in strengthening promotion and protection of human rights worldwide.
  • It was established by United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in 2006, replacing United Nations Commission on Human Rights. It is headquartered in Geneva Switzerland. In 2019, India was elected to Council for a period of three years

Questions-

Q.US- Russia was in news consider the following statement

1)it first proposed by Russia in 1955 to deescalate tension during the cold war

2)this treaty was eventually signed in 1992 between NATO members and farmer war so Pact countries

3)India is a signatories of this country and ratified in 20054 recently both us and Russia pulled out from this treaty

Options-

a)2,3. b)1,2  c)2,3,1  d)1,2,4

US- Russia Open Skies Treaty

  • US administration led by Biden, does not seek to re-join Open Skies Treaty with Russia
  • The treaty is a key arms control agreement, that allowed US and Russia to fly surveillance aircraft over their military facilities
  • According to US administration, US does not seek to renter the pact because of Russia’s failure to comply with it.
  • Now, “New START treaty” is the only major arms control pact between both the countries which was extended for five years recently by US.
  • Open Skies Treaty-
  • The Open Skies Treaty was signed by United States on March 24, 1992. It came into effect in 2002.
  • The Treaty allows both member countries to fly surveillance aircraft over military facilities.
  • The treaty was signed to promote transparency among member countries.
  • Members of Open Skies Treaty
  • 34 member states had participated in treaty.
  • When did Russia and US withdrew from treaty?
  • Former President of US, Donald Trump, announced its withdrawal in November 2020 while, Russia announced to withdraw in January 2021.
  • Background
  • Proposal for aerial surveillance was first proposed by Former US President Dwight Eisenhower in July 1995.
  • However, Russia then rejected proposal on ground of spying. In 1989, the proposal was again introduced by former President US, George Bush, following a conference between NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and Warsaw Pact countries. Finally, in 1992, treaty was signed and came into force in 2002

Questions

Q . In recent time MoHA established a panel to the comment changes to the IPC under this which provisions of IPC have its impact

1)In IPC there is no clear definition of hate speech and ministry will going to put new provision related to it

2) it is going to impact section 124 a of IPC

3) there will be some modification in the section 121 b

Options-

a)1&2  b)2&3  c)1,2,3  d)none

‘Union Home Ministry has established a panel to recommend changes to the Indian Penal Code (IPC) by Investment programme’

 

  • The Union Home Ministry has established a panel to recommend changes to the Indian Penal Code (IPC).
  • It will almost certainly propose a separate Section on “offences relating to speech and expression.”
  • Because there is no clear definition of what constitutes “hate speech” in the IPC, the Committee for Reforms in Criminal Laws is attempting to define such speech for the first time.
  • Indian Penal Code-
  • The IPC replaced Mohammedan Criminal Law,which had a very close relationship with Islam. Thus, the IPC laid the foundation of secularism.
  • It was widely appreciated as a state-of-the-art code and was, indeed, the first codification of criminal law in the British Empire.
  • Today, it is the longest serving criminal code in the common-law world.
  • Paying a compliment to Macaulay’s masterpiece,James Stephen had remarked that “The Indian Penal Code is to the English criminal law what a manufactured article ready for use is to the materials out of which it is made. It is to the French Penal Code and, I may add, to the North German Code of 1871, what a finished picture is to a sketch.”
  • Today, most of the commonwealth follows the IPC and legislators would find it difficult to improve it in terms of precision, comprehensibility, comprehensiveness and accessibility.
  • IPC, 1860 requires a thorough revision to meet the needs of the 21st century.In 1860, the IPC was certainly ahead of the times but has been unable to keep pace since then

Questions

Q. NHAI which is under the Mo road and Highway now reduce the waiting time for vehicle and for this fastag technology play an important role then consider the statement related to fastag

1) It work on RFID technology

2)Now from 2021 it is mandatory to every vehicle to attach RFID tag on the windshield on the vehicle

3)It is developed by NPCI

4) Interoperability is still on important issue in this technology Options –

a)1,3,4. b)1,3,2,4 c)1,4. d)4,3


NHAI’s Guidelines for Toll centres to reduce waiting time

 

  • National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) issued guidelines for Toll centres to reduce waiting time to 10 seconds per vehicle at any point of time
  • Yellow line-
  • According to the guidelines, yellow lines at toll plazas will reduce the waiting queue of vehicles to 100 metres even during peak hours. If queue is beyond 100 metres, vehicles at the front will pass without paying toll.
  • Background
  • NHAI highlights, it has successfully transitioned to 100 per cent cashless tolling from February 2021.
  • Overall FASTag penetration has reached to 96 per cent to 99 per cent penetration.
    • As the Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) penetration is increasing in India, NHAI is emphasizing to have a new design and construct upcoming toll plazas based on traffic projections for next 10 years.

    Electronic toll collection?

    • It is a wireless system that automatically collect usage fee or toll charged to vehicles using toll roads, toll bridges, HOV lanes and toll tunnels.
    • It is a faster alternative unlike toll booths, where vehicles stop and driver manually pays toll with cash or card.  FASTag is one such example.

    About FASTag

    • This electronic toll collection system in India is operated by NHAI. It uses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to make toll payments directly from prepaid or savings account linked to it.
    • The tag is affixed on windscreen of vehicle and enables to drive through toll plazas without stopping for transactions. State-run oil marketing companies like IOC, BPCL and HPCL signed MoUs in 2019 to enable use of FASTag to do purchases at petrol pumps.

Questions

Q. Recently pm health interface under the national digital health mission what are the key objective of this

1) it will provide health ID of individual

2) facility of Digi doctor which provide only consultant to patients

3) will also maintain personal health records and health facility registry

Options-a)1,2,3. b)1,2. c)1 d)2,3

Centre to launch Unified Health Interface

Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, chaired a high-level meeting and reviewed the progress of National Digital Health Mission (NDHM). It was highlighted, a Unified Health Interface (UHI) will be rolled soon

  • Background
  • Prime Minister announced the launch of NDHM on 74th Independence Day. Mission is a part of three digital announcements including a new cyber security policy and optical fibre connectivity to six lakh villages in India
  • National Digital Health Mission (NDHM)
  • NDHM is a complete digital health ecosystem having four key features — health ID, Digi Doctor, personal health records and health facility registry. Later it will also include e-pharmacy & telemedicine services.
  • It will be implemented National Health Authority (NHA) under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. App version as well as website version of NDHM platform will be available.
  • Digi Doctor
  • It will allow doctors to enrol and their details, as per their consent, will be made available. Doctors will also be assigned a digital signature for free for writing prescriptions.
  • Unique Health ID
  • This ID will be a repository of all health-related information of citizens. Various healthcare providers including hospitals, laboratories, online pharmacies, telemedicine firms etc will participate in health ID system. Patient who wants their health records available digitally will require to create unique Health ID using their basic details, mobile or Aadhaar card.

Questions

Q. centrally information atomic energy was in news due to agreement with Iran consider the following statement

1)India Australia Pakistan are its founding member

2) China never join this agency

3) best country joined this in 2021 is Samoa

4)Democratic people’s republic of Korea which join it 1974 and then withdraw from it

5)Options-  a)1,3,4 b)1,2,3,4. c)1,4 d)2,3

Also Read: Daily Current Affairs Date-28th May 2021

 Agreement between Theran and International Atomic energy agency

  • Iran had started up advanced uranium enrichment centrifuges, in violation of its commitments under a troubled 2015 nuclear deal, just days after the start of talks to save the deal.
  • Iran stated that a three-month monitoring agreement between Tehran and the IAEA had expired, and that the IAEA’s access to images from inside some Iranian nuclear sites would be terminated.
  • Iran had started up advanced uranium enrichment centrifuges, in violation of its commitments under a troubled 2015 nuclear deal, just days after the start of talks to save the deal.
  • International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA):
  • Mandatory: To serve as the world’s central intergovernmental forum for nuclear-related scientific and technical cooperation.
  • It works to make nuclear science and technology safe, secure, and peaceful.
  • It was founded as an autonomous organisation by its own international Treaty, the IAEA Statute, but it reports to both the United Nations General Assembly and Security Council
  • Headquarters are in Vienna, Austria
  • The IAEA has 173 member countries.
  • Most of the UN member states and the Holy See are members of the International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • It also won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2005.