The PACK (Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, and Kashmir)

The PACK (Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, and Kashmir)

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Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, and Kashmir. Three enemies vying to invade India in Kashmir.

India’s PACK challenge being dealt with refreshingly well. Mistakes of previous regimes are being rectified by the BJP led Narendra Modi government while new paths are being forged. Forces within India including foreign-born ones have been to China even when in opposition and have engaged in diplomacy. Suspiciously, they were even seen signing official documents when they had no role to play in India’s international affairs.

The current scenario

America is aiming for praise or approval and is withdrawing troops and personnel from Afghanistan. Whatever small gains made during their last 20-year rule will soon be lost or surrendered. The pace at which radicalism is returning is astonishing. A 100 districts under Islamist rule out of 400 within a week of announcement.
Pakistan now wants peace and is speaking about trade and economics. But they have fallen in line and the aggression shown during the August 2019 abrogation of Article 370 has subsided. They are even planning cotton imports from India. Imran now wants to engage with India. Naturally, India is cautious but something is happening. It does not want a repeat of the 2015 Lahore false promises. India does have its own plans in place. The act of throwing out an outdated unnecessary law called Article 370 is a prime example. Talks with Gilgit, the Pakistan Army, separatists in Pakistan have culminated in them announcing a ceasefire and are surprisingly keeping their word, since February this year. Betrayal though is a Pakistani assurance.
India has done a lot for Afghanistan in the recent past and can now stake its claim in the country’s future. It is now clear that diplomatic talks are going on between the Taliban and the Indian government. The Taliban who were busy defending themselves from American and NATO forces have all the luxuries in the world now. How long before they renew their Jihadi tactics with help from their ISI sponsors against India is anybody’s guess. They will have to answer their ISI sponsors sooner rather than later.
China has unleashed a deadly virus onto the entire world that has seen many economies crumble and human costs that will soon hit 40 lakhs. India has meanwhile shown it is capable of mass manufacturing vaccines and has even donated jabs whenever it could. Chinese aggression in Ladakh that began last year has ended, or so it seems. As a result of a series of military and ministry-level diplomatic talks, the two sides completed the withdrawal of troops and weapons from the North and South banks of the Pangong lake. This was in February following an agreement that both sides would withdraw. Though the whole world watches, peace and the Chinese are just not synonymous.
All three are intricately linked with Kashmir. Hence the term PACK (Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, and Kashmir). All three have huge stakes in Kashmir. All three countries with covert help from Indian leaders have wreaked havoc in this beautiful land. It began as land conquests and culminated in the exodus of Hindus at the hands of Islamist uncompromising in their religious beliefs. Any change in the status quo is not being opposed mainly by the very ones who created the issue, in the first place.
The silence is palpable and something dark looms on the horizon. Rather than bicker, everyone involved (opposition included) should rise up and fight for the common cause. The exact opposite is happening and as usual enemies within are ending up aiding the enemy. Allegedly the funds that China commands and liberally distributes to get things done without getting its hands dirty are exactly why politicians, journalists and the media, liberals, communists, jihadis all included are harping on talks with China.

The Biden angle

Did the Biden administration play a role in recent developments in India-Pak relations?
The February 2021 ceasefire agreement by the DGMOs of India and Pakistan was clearly achieved following intense behind-the-scenes negotiations. Tensions at the Pak border are distinctly less this summer.
The BJP led government has never allowed any third party to intervene in border disputes. Any such talks have been bipartisan (agreement or cooperation of two political parties that usually oppose each other’s policies).
Policies on India are eventually decided by the Pakistani ISI in the Army Headquarters by the army commanders led by the army chief and in this case, their Army is fully involved. Having tried the civilian leadership route earlier and failed as in 2015, this time Modi seems to focus on their army
US support for closer ties to India is because the interests of both India and the US are security-centered. Both countries have apprehensions about the rise of China. India’s participation in the QUAD summit (an informal strategic dialogue between the United States, Japan, Australia, and India managed by talks between them) and the strengthening of the QUAD is a clear sign of this affair

Recent developments

Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced on US soil at the Howdy Modi event that the time had come to wage the final war against terrorism.
Defense Minister Rajnath Singh on the 25th of September 2019 warned Pakistan that if it refuses to mend its ways, it will lose territory again. He was hinting at 1971 when Pakistan was split into two, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Earlier, Singh had hinted at the changes to India’s “No First Use” nuclear policy.
Home Minister Amit Shah declared in the Parliament the removal of Article 370 and added that they are willing to sacrifice their lives for PoK (Jaan de dengey iske liye).
On the 25th of October, Union Minister Jitendra Singh asserted that days are not far off when it will be possible to unfurl the Indian flag in Pakistan-occupied-Kashmir (POK).

Self-imposed apartheid ends after 70 years – Article 370 & 35A abrogated

Even after India became a democratic republic, injustices remained for 69 years. The insulting truth that apartheid existed in India and remained unheard of came into public view once Articles 370 & 35A were abolished. The level of injustice sounds unbelievable but it was a by-product of Indian secularism.
On the 5th of August, Union Home Minister Amit Shah announced his Government’s decision to scrap Article 370 & added that J&K state will now be bifurcated into two Union Territories – Jammu & Kashmir, which will have a legislature, and Ladakh, without one.
The discriminatory provisions that allowed J&K politicians to define ‘permanent residents’ and to give them special rights and privileges had ended. Fundamental and legal rights of women & 3 communities residing in the state, the Valmiki community, West Pakistani Refugees, and Gorkhas were restored.
In 1957, the state government invited members of the Valmiki community to come to Kashmir to break up the strike of the local sanitation workers. Even 62 years later, those people or their descendants were allowed to work only as sweepers. The story of Eklavya, who had a Ph.D. but was not authorized to work any government jobs other than that of a sweeper hit the headlines.
Around one lakh Gorkhas whose ancestors migrated in the mid -19th century live in Jammu and Kashmir now. Thousands of them had served in the Indian Army but did not have the right to own land in the state. Even after serving years in the Indian Army, they had ended up second-class citizens of India. The misery of many like Prem Bahadur who served in the Gorkha regiment way back in 1968 ended.
Such discrimination has now ended with the state issuing domicile certificates and any Indian can now buy property, apply for government jobs, and is eligible for admission into universities situated in the Union Territory of J&K.
Since Independence, a bizarre Islamist system existed where male dependents became the chosen successors. They ruled and lived in Kashmir and controlled the lives of their women. A woman who marries outside the state of J&K would lose her property in her state. This continued in India till 2019 where concepts of motherland and mother tongue are held in high esteem. Women were degraded and insulted when the state would issue certificates conspicuously inscribed “valid until marriage.” Women who married (and their children) who married from outside their state were denied permanent residency rights. On the contrary, women and children of men who married from outside the state were given resident rights.

The J&K Assembly frauds

Spread over 16% of the total area of Jammu and Kashmir, Kashmir valley accounts for 53% of Jammu and Kashmir’s population. 97% of Kashmir is Muslim.
The Jammu division used to cover 26% area of Jammu and Kashmir and accounts for 44% of Jammu and Kashmir’s population. About 63% of Jammu’s population is Hindu, while Muslims make up 34%.
Ladakh is inhabited by about 3% of the total population of Jammu and Kashmir and the division spans over 58% of the total area of Jammu and Kashmir. The population in Ladakh is made of 47% of Muslims, 40% of Buddhists, and 13% Hindus.
Astonishingly, though the Jammu area is home to 47% of the J&K population the state has never had a Chief Minister from Jammu. This was because the J&K Assembly was fraudulently conceived.
Of the 87 member assembly, 46 seats were allotted to Kashmir. But Jammu was allotted only 37 seats way below its share of the population. This ensured that only Kashmiri Muslims could control the whole state, and was done deliberately. To appease Muslims, the basic principle of democracy that one person gets one vote was dropped!
The Centre has announced that the legislature of J&K will now be reconstituted and delimitation of voters will be done on the basis of the census.

What went wrong in Kashmir

“Rubbish! Total rubbish! We don’t need a defense plan. Our policy is ahimsa (non-violence). We foresee no military threats. Scrap the army! The police are good enough to meet our security needs.” Nehru immediately after Independence when asked about India’s new defense policy.
Our policymakers were made to believe that there will be no war. Defense allocations were minimal and military modernization was discarded. A multitude of coincidences begs a simple question. It should be debated whether it was a blunder or was it decided in advance?
After Partition, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru thought that Muslims who had stayed on in India should be appeased at the expense of unfairly ill-treating Hindus. He started off by opposing Patel when it came to the restoration of Somnath Temple (destroyed by a Mughal despot) citing Hindu Revivalism as if it were a sin. Patel did it using sheer willpower.
Nehru thrust the knife that the British had driven through Indian secularism wounding it even more deeply. By providing a false illusion of building Muslim confidence he led us all down a greasy slope of fake secularism. He made sure that mistrust between communities grew.
The princely state of Jammu & Kashmir was Nehru’s personal territory and Patel was kept away by a well-prepared Nehru and Sheikh Abdullah (the first Prime minister of the princely State of J&K) from dealing with that state.

The British legacy in Kashmir

“Punjabis and Bengalis have become aware of their land. Let the people of India themselves decide on partition.” Mountbatten addressing Indians on the radio around the time of partition.
The British having looted India for over a century handed over the partition to an amateur. India was divided into two countries and three parts, India, East Pakistan, and West Pakistan.
Citing impartiality the British chose a British lawyer named Cyril Radcliffe who arrived in India on July 8, 1947. Radcliffe had never been to India and had never seen a map in his life and was not familiar with the subcontinent. He was given five weeks to draw the borders and in his haste carelessly created Pakistan.
His job was to decide which families would be part of India and which homes would go to Pakistan. He was given two Muslim and Hindu lawyers each as assistants (none had a military background) and chaired just two meetings one for Punjab and one for Bengal. 2 crore citizens were displaced and 20 lakh died after people moved on religious lines.
Radcliffe’s skills can be measured when he revealed that he ‘had almost given Lahore to India but was then told that Pakistan would have no major city’ as Calcutta was already with India. The deaths on both sides of his border made him refuse payment for his work. After drawing the ‘Radcliffe Line’, he left India the very next day and never returned.

Kashmir accedes to India

The then ruler of J&K, Maharaja Hari Singh approached India and signed the document called the Instrument of Accession on October 26, 1947. He had reason to join India urgently. Islamist killers had entered J&K and were acting at will.
Indian soldiers entered Kashmir and either killed or drove the Pakistani-sponsored terrorists who did not belong to any army units back into Pakistan. The Indian Army left out a small section of the state and was called back.
Before the Partition of undivided India, the entire State of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) was Indian territory as per the Radcliffe Line. Led by Sardar Vallabhai Patel, many Indian states then ruled by princes were joining hands with India in a step-by-step process called Accession.
During the Second World War, over 60,000 Muslims from the Poonch and Mirpur districts had enrolled in the British Indian Army. After the war, many returned with their weapons.
Immediately after Independence, these Poonch rebels started violence and even paid Pashtuns from Pakistan’s North-West Frontier Province to join them. They infiltrated India, looted, burned whole villages, and massacred innocent Hindus.

British treachery

Even though 25 lakh Indians fought in World War II and played a major part in a British victory, the UK Prime Minister Winston Churchill still hated India. The British also wanted to keep the Gilgit-Baltistan area of undivided J&K for themselves to fight the communist threats of Russia and China.
The armies of both countries were still being commanded by British Indian Army officers. Churchill planned an attack to capture J&K with help from Mountbatten and other officers.
The British trusted Pakistan mainly since it was a country of their making. Churchill hated Hinduism and openly called India “a beastly people with a beastly religion”.
Churchill instructed Mountbatten, Douglas Gracey, Commander in Chief of Pakistan army, and Robert Lockhart (C-in-C Indian Army) to let India-Pakistan fight by “keeping a piece of India” so that both keep fighting forever.
They planned to approach the UN and show that since there was a Pakistan Army presence in J&K, Pakistan too was a party in the dispute. The irony is that though the British Pakistani diaspora is pretty huge, Pakistan is now a puppet of Communist China and is begging Russia too for arms.

Execution

The British did this by keeping Nehru in the dark but were seeking information or advice from Jinnah and his cronies on the Indian side. Clement Atlee had become Prime Minister of Britain but Churchill was still a chief advisor.
British officers of the Pakistan Army guided Pakistani Jihadi Gilgit Scouts (a semi-military force) towards Kashmir and armed them. They entered India dressed as local tribals. By mid-November 1947, Pakistan had secured the entire Gilgit area and started moving towards Skardu-Kargil-Leh and Dras. The winter set in and stopped major movement. By February, Muslims in the Indian army posted at Skardu had deserted and joined the enemy.
Skardu at an altitude of 7000-8000 feet, was the entry point into Ladakh. Douglas Gracey organized the fall and massacre of Skardu Garrison which held on for eight months. The Indian administration did not help the Indian Army soldiers trapped there and Nehru turned down multiple requests for airstrikes against the Pakistani raiders.
The garrison had 550 souls and the sick and the wounded suffered in silence. By August, the garrison was reduced to two chapattis of barley and a cup of tea per day. Malnutrition had set in and the defenders looked like clothes hanging on frames. No assistance had reached them for over six months
On 14 August 1948, outnumbered five to one, and with the last box of the reserve ammunition used, the garrison surrendered. The revenge for such a long resistance was harsh. Maj-General Palit writes, “mass murder and rape followed…. Women within the garrison committed suicide”. All except two were executed.
The Pakistanis had a foothold in India with help from British treachery. Foolish and careless decisions from Indian leaders helped. Why Nehru denied support is highly suspicious.
When the Indian Army started pushing back Pakistani infiltrators, Mountbatten and Lockhart made Nehru call a ceasefire and approach the United Nations for mediation. Since the Pakistani’s were running back anyway, why Nehru agreed is still unknown.

The NJ 9842

Another British trick followed immediately when it came to the Line of Control (LoC) and Nehru fell for it.
The military campaign by the Indian army in Kashmir led to a ceasefire, supervised by the United Nations, in January 1949. The India-Pakistan Karachi Agreement was signed by the military representatives of India and Pakistan with the UN in attendance.
When the boundaries were being drawn, orders to mark our border only up to NJ 9842 came from Delhi. It was well inside Indian territory beyond which it only said: “thence North to the Glaciers”.
By 1967, both Pakistan and the US Defense Mapping Agency began showing the Indo-Pak boundary from NJ 9842 to the Karakoram (KK) Pass giving the entire Siachen-Saltoro area to Pakistan. China too stood to gain a lot.
The reason was a soft corner that the US-UK had towards Pakistan and since the US was trying to establish relations with China and later led to President Nixon’s visiting Beijing in 1972. Pakistan eventually started claiming this as the boundary. India did nothing.
Pakistan continued trying to grab more Indian Territory. The last time was in 1999 when they failed again during the Kargil intrusions. They have not given up and still hope to capture J&K with help from China.

Kashmir exodus of Hindus

Creating the Kashmir issue

Nehru alone created the Kashmir issue. He began by rejecting Jammu and Kashmir’s accession to India when it was first offered in September 1947. Protecting our borders should have been his priority.
Though J&K never asked for a conditional accession Nehru mysteriously made sure that the terms were made “temporary” and “conditional”.
He then went on to prevent the Indian Army from liberating the whole of Jammu & Kashmir from Pakistani invaders at the end of 1948.
He internationalized the issue, something that was unnecessary and totally avoidable.
Despite strong opposition from both Patel and Ambedkar, he gave special status to the state using Article 370 and Article 35A of the Indian constitution.

Other ‘mistakes’ – Intentional or otherwise

In 1947, Nehru rejected the Khan of Kalat’s (a princely state in Balochistan) signed offer of accession to join Bharat rather than Pakistan. Counter-signing them would have officially made Kalat a part of India. Pakistan invaded and annexed Balochistan.
In 1950, the US offered India a permanent seat at the United Nations Security Council. Suspiciously Nehru rejected it, saying that he would not accept any proposal that came at the cost of China.
In 1955, both the US and the USSR (a rare instance of agreement) offer it again. Nehru again refused the offer even declaring that China be given priority instead of India. Nehru made sure that China got a Permanent seat at the UN Security Council, at the expense of India.
Today, thanks to Nehru, China has endless opportunities to regularly harm our interests at the UN. Had India held that chance we would not have lost 1,15,670 Sq Km of land, an area that we lost in J&K alone.
The then US President John F Kennedy offered India nuclear devices much before China tested its first in 1964. While making the offer Kennedy even sent Nehru a hand-written note that said “Nothing is more important than national security”. Suspiciously, Nehru turned it down. Had he accepted India would have been the first Asian nuclear power, way ahead of China. Neither China nor China would not have dared invade India.
Though Pakistan had invaded India by then and stolen vast areas of pristine land, in 1960, Nehru mentioned “friendship” and “goodwill” and signed one of the most biased treaties ever. Called the Indus Waters Treaty it gave Pakistan ownership of over three-fourths of the water that flows through the Indus System of Rivers. The Indus is located in India. Pakistan responded by attacking Bharat in 1965.
The best and most dubious of them all was his “forward policy” where he grounded the Indian Air Force that ultimately led to Bharat’s humiliating defeat in the 1962 war with China. It also led to the loss of the Aksai Chin peninsula and several other territories.
That the current government is even trying to rectify these mistakes is a miracle in itself.

Mirpur and Azad Kashmir

The Mirpur District is one of the 10 districts of what Pakistan calls Azad Kashmir in PoK. Before partition, it had around 75,000 Hindus and Sikhs, or 20% of the local population. During the partition, around 25,000 refugees from Pakistan Punjab took refuge in Mirpur.
In Nov 1947, The 11th Cavalry, a Pakistani Army regiment started infiltrating Jihadi Pathans to capture this part of India. On the morning of November 25, they entered Mirpur city and indulged in arson and looting of Hindu properties.
Around 97,500 Hindus were hunted down and killed or took their own lives. They were either shot or hacked to death with hammers, sticks, knives, and butcher’s knives. To avoid rape and abduction women committed mass suicide by consuming poison.
A 13 years old teenage girl from Mirpur Shrimai Chander Kanya later said that the Muslim military (Pakistan Army) captured and distributed young Hindu girls who were later raped. The situation all over the border with Pakistan was the same.
Those who were not killed became refugees within Jammu and Kashmir. The Indian government refused them the status and benefits of internally displaced people and they remained homeless in their own country, till 2019. 25th November is still remembered as the Mirpur Day
Mirpur Muslims started migrating to England and by 2009 it was estimated that between 60 to 70 percent of British Pakistanis in England had origins in Mirpur District. A link that began in treachery is now open for the whole world to see.

Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF)

Terrorists too started emigrating and the UK proactively provided them visas and citizenship. Two prominent ones who entered in the 1950s were Amanullah Khan from Gilgit and Maqbool Bhat from Kupwara.
They received the active support of the British Mirpuri community and in May 1977 they formed a terrorist organization called the Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) and an armed wing called the ‘National Liberation Army’. They expanded rapidly and funds started to flow in.
On the 3rd of February 1984, they kidnapped and killed an Indian diplomat Ravindra Mhatre in Birmingham England, and connivingly the UK government allowed the terrorists to return to Pakistan.
Maqbool who was in an Indian jail accused of bank robberies in Kashmir was executed six days later. JKLF had their martyr. In 1987 they contested local elections and were beaten comprehensively but their radical base grew.
Their declared intention was independence for J&K from both India and Pakistan. Pakistan was not interested in a pro-independence JKLF but accepted the partnership with JKLF as a temporary compromise.
Pakistan under Zia ul-Haq who was supporting the Khalistan movement invited them to work with the ISI and established the JKLF headquarters in Muzaffarabad of Pakistan. They recruited Kashmiri Muslims who started crossing the LoC to Azad Kashmir to receive arms and training. This led to a weakening of the JKLF’s nationalist ideology and soon it became just another Islamic terrorist group.
Within 2 years they were waging a guerrilla war with the Indian security forces, government, and security officials. Terrorists like Yasin Malik and Ashfaq Wani joined in. The Islamist attacks turned against Kashmiri Hindus also called Kashmiri Pandits, liberal women, liquor shops, and beauty parlors. The ISI ran the movement on communal lines and the JKLF became its agents

The exodus in Kashmir

JKLF killed a Kashmiri Hindu for the first time on 14 September 1989. Tika Lal Taploo was an advocate and a prominent J&K leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party and he was murdered in front of several eyewitnesses. Farooq Abdullah, the then supreme leader of J&K made sure that the killers were never caught. This encouraged the terrorists and created fear in the Kashmiri Hindus.
The Kashmiri militants killed anyone who supported India. Kashmiri Hindus were targeted specifically because of their faith. The Hindus felt that they were not safe in the valley and could be targeted at any time.
Farooq Abdullah went to PoK and shared the stage with JKLF where he asserted that he was sent on behalf of Indira Gandhi.
Indira replaced Farooq with an even more dangerous Islamist named Ghulam Mohammad Shah. He was not an elected leader and turned to Islamists and opponents of India. In 1986 Shah decided to construct a mosque over an ancient Hindu temple inside the Secretariat in Jammu for Muslim employees.
Hindus of Jammu resisted and it led to clashes with Muslims. Ghulam incited the Kashmiri Muslims and said Islam khatrey mein hey (Islam is in danger). Violent riots aimed at the massacre or expulsion of Hindus (pogrom) began. Muslim mobs looted or destroyed the properties and temples of Hindus.
Over the next few months, other Islamist terrorist groups emerged who wanted a merger with Pakistan and the establishment of an Islamic state under Sharia laws.
They started killing anyone who opposed them and on 4th November 1989, a high court judge in Neelkanth Ganjoo was killed near the High Court in Srinagar.

The Kashmiri Hindu pogrom

By December, JKLF was kidnapping relatives of leaders and the government was shamelessly releasing terrorists in return.
January 1990 saw Srinagar-based newspapers released messages threatening all Hindus to leave Kashmir immediately. Walls posters threatening Kashmiris to harshly follow the Islamic rules and strictly adhere to Islamic dress codes appeared. Masked men with automatic guns forced people to reset their time to Pakistan Standard Time. Offices buildings, shops, and establishments were colored green as a sign of Islamist rule.
Islamists started burning and destroying shops, factories, temples, and homes of Kashmiri Hindus. Posters that threatened appeared on the doors of Hindus asking them to leave Kashmir immediately. During the middle of the night of 18 and 19 January blackouts happened in the Kashmir Valley where electricity was cut except in mosques. The mosques then broadcast inflammatory messages, asking Muslims to kill Kashmiri Hindus. The state government did nothing to help the Hindus.
On 19th January 1990, the center appointed a new governor of the state and Abdullah resigned on the same day. He knew what was coming and treacherously sidestepped Kashmir when it needed him the most.
Soon the sole concern of Hindus was ensuring their own physical safety and their decision not to convert to Islam. Over 350,000 Kashmiri Pandits were forced to flee en masse leaving their homes and properties. That wealth is being enjoyed even today by Muslim families who drove Hindus out. It the single largest forced displacement of people after the partition of India and it was happening to Hindus in India.
Kashmiri Hindus left Kashmir valley and moved to other parts of India, particularly to the refugee camps in Jammu, Delhi, and beyond
Their troubles did not end with this mass departure. The state administration tried its best to obstruct and intimidate the victims. The central government at the Centre showed no sympathy for their suffering.

Chinese Aksai Chin

Unfortunately, Nehru, India’s first Prime Minister always leaned excessively towards China and that harmed India’s vital interests.
In the 1950s several opportunities existed for India to join the United Nations Security Council as a permanent member that Nehru threw away on dubious grounds of international morality. He offered it to China who gladly accepted and is now one of the five permanent members in the world.
On October 1, 1949, Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong declared the creation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC).
By October 1950, the PRC invaded Tibet. Instead of helping Tibetans against Chinese invasion, Nehru was supplying rice to the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army (PLA). He also told the US, UK, and UN to ignore Tibetan protests
In 1951, the PRC started building a 1,200 km road inside Indian territory in Aksai Chin and completed it in 1957. India did not learn of the existence of the road until it was confirmed when the road was shown in Chinese maps published in 1958

Chinese aggression against India

In 1962 Nehru directed the Army to drive PLA out of an illegally occupied post inside Indian territory. China launched a huge pre-planned attack. India could have resumed fighting in some places but a weak leadership ordered a withdrawal. After one month and one day and having entered around 100 km into Indian territory at many places, PLA withdrew. It could no longer sustain itself across the Himalayas through winters.
The Indian Army remained exposed. Nehru died in 1964.
In 1963, China illegally leased Shaksgam Valley (Indian Territory in POK) from Pakistan in exchange for military and nuclear technology.
Zhou En Lai, the then Premier visited Pakistan and advised that Pakistan should prepare for longer conflicts with India and urged Pakistan to raise a militia force (terrorists) to work behind enemy (India) lines.
China supports Pakistani terrorists both at the UN and against India-Afghanistan. They sponsored Maoist rebels who have brought Chinese Communists to power in Nepal. PLA deployment inside Nepal is likely in the very near future
The Chinese support insurgent groups of the northeast including NSCN and ULFA.
PLA launched a surprise attack on our troops in May 2020 near the Galwan Valley in Eastern Ladakh. Our brave soldiers gave a suitable reply to the PLA, killing over 45 of them compared to losing 20 of our own.
The Chinese never acknowledged the deaths of soldiers until February of this year when they accounted for 4. These following revolts from within their military.

What remains of J&K

The original State of J&K which acceded to India in October 1947 comprised 2,22,236 sq km. Independent India’s border in the northwest touched Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan to China Occupied Tibet (COT). Pakistan originally had no border with China.
Pakistan occupied Kashmir (POK) is 72,935 sq km less 5,180 sq km of Shaksgam Valley (Indian Territory) illegally leased to China in 1963. China Occupied Kashmir (COK) consists of 37,555 sq km of Aksai Chin plus 5,180 sq km Shaksgam and territory stolen over the years, all totaling up to 42,735 sq km.
US and regional Pakistani media had reported in February 2012 that Pakistan was considering leasing Gilgit-Baltistan (72,971 sq km) to China for 50 years. Today we have a Line of Control (LOC) with Pakistan and a Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China.
Today India has only 1,06,566 sq km of the 2,22,236 sq km of the original state of J&K.

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